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INVESTIGATION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE (MSW) AND INDUSTRIAL LANDFILLS AS A POTENTIAL SOURCE OF SECONDARY RAW MATERIALS

  • Heikki Särkkä - South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences, Finland
  • Tommi Kaartinen - VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland
  • Esa Hannus - South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences, Finland
  • Sami Hirvonen - Metsäsairila Oy, Finland
  • Tuire Valjus - Geological Survey of Finland (GTK), Finland
  • Jouni Lerssi - Geological Survey of Finland (GTK), Finland
  • Giovanna A. Dino - University of Torino, Earth Science Department, Italy
  • Piergiorgio Rossetti - University of Torino, Earth Science Department, Italy
  • Zoe Griffiths - Cranfield University, School of Water, Energy and Environment, United Kingdom
  • Stuart T. Wagland - Cranfield University, School of Water, Energy and Environment, United Kingdom
  • Frederic Coulon - Cranfield University, School of Water, Energy and Environment, United Kingdom

DOI 10.26403/detritus/2018.3

Released under CC BY-NC-ND

Copyright: © Cisa Publisher

Abstract

Many of the secondary raw materials (SRM) in landfills constitute valuable and scarce natural resources. It has already been recognised that the recovery of these elements is critical for the sustainability of a number of industries and SRM recov¬ery from anthropogenic waste deposits represents a significant opportunity. In this study, the characterisation of the different waste fractions and the amount of SRM that can potentially be recovered from two landfill sites in Finland is presented. The first site was a municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill site and it was specifically in¬vestigated for its metals, SRM, plastics, wood, paper, and cardboard content as well as its fine fraction (<20 mm). The second site was an industrial landfill site contain¬ing residual wastes from industrial processes including 1) aluminium salt slag from refining process of aluminium scrap and 2) shredding residues from automobiles, household appliances and other metals containing waste. This site was investigated for its metals and SRM recovery potential as well as its fine fraction. Results suggest that the fine fraction offers opportunities for metal (Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) and SRM extraction and recovery from both landfill site types while the chemical composition of the industrial waste landfill offered greater opporutinity as it was comparable to typical aluminium salt slags. Nevertheless, the concentrations of rare earth metals (REE) and other valuable elements were low even in comparison with the concentra¬tions found in the Earth’s crust. Therefore mining landfill sites only for their metals or SRM content is not expected to be financially viable. However, other opportunities, such as waste-derived fuels from excavated materials especially at MSW landfill sites, still exists and fosters the application and feasibility of landfill mining.

Keywords

Editorial History

  • Received: 03 Jan 2018
  • Revised: 06 Mar 2018
  • Accepted: 19 Mar 2018
  • Available online: 31 Mar 2018

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