ANTIMONY AND VANADIUM IN INCINERATION BOTTOM ASH – LEACHING BEHAVIOR AND CONCLUSIONS FOR TREATMENT PROCESSES

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• Available online in Detritus - Volume 16 - September 2021
• Pages 75-81

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Abstract

Due to its large mineral fraction, incineration bottom ash (IBA) from municipal solid waste incineration is an interesting raw material that can be used for road construction or to produce secondary building materials. However, leaching chloride, sulfate, and potentially harmful heavy metals may cause problems in using IBA in civil engineering. Investigating leaching behavior is crucial for the assessment of the environmental compatibility of IBA applications. Various test procedures are available for that purpose. In the present study, a long-term leaching test of a wet-mechanically treated IBA was performed in a lysimeter for almost six years. While concentrations of chloride, sulfate and the majority of the heavy metals started to decrease rapidly with advancing liquid-to-solid ratio (L/S), antimony (Sb) and vanadium (V) behaved differently. At the beginning of the lysimeter test, the Sb and V concentrations were low, but after approximately one year of operation at an L/S ratio of around 0.8 L/kg, a steady increase was observed. It was shown that this increase is the result of low Ca concentrations due to the formation of CaCO₃. With the data, the solubility products from Ca-antimonate and Ca-vanadate were calculated. The unusual leaching behavior of Sb and V should be kept in mind when considering field scenarios and evaluating the impact on the environment.

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Keywords

• Incineration bottom ash
• Leaching behavior
• Lysimeter
• Secondary building material

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Editorial History

• Received: 18 Feb 2021
• Revised: 01 Jun 2021
• Accepted: 16 Jun 2021
• Available online: 11 Sep 2021

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